Eight Parts of Speech
Nouns Pronouns Adjectives Adverbs Prepositions Verbs
Conjunctions Interjections
Conjunctions Interjections
Lesson 2.1:
What are the Adjectives?
Examples (Adjective nouns):
— Follow
the yellow cab.
— (In
this example, the adjective 'yellow' modifies the noun 'cab'.)
— Craig
caught another large bass.
— (In
this example, the adjective 'large' modifies the noun 'bass'.)
Examples (Adjectives pronouns):
— It
is a blue one.
(In
this example, the adjective 'blue' modifies the pronoun 'one'.)
— Only
a brave few have received a recommendation.
The Different types of Adjectives
Personal
Titles
— Personal
titles such Mr, Mrs, Auntie, Uncle, Dr and Lord are classified as adjectives
when they are attached to a name.
— The
day after tomorrow, you can visit Auntie Pauline and Uncle Joe.
— The
lecture on Friday will be presented by Dr Ingols and Prof. Munro.
Possessive
Adjectives
— Possessive
adjectives are used to show possession. They are my, your, his, her, its, our,
and their. (They are also called possessive pronouns.)
The
Articles
— The
words “a, an, the” are known as articles and are classified as adjectives too.
'A' and 'an' are called the indefinite articles, as they do not indicate a
specific noun; whereas, 'the' is called the definite article, because it does
point to a specific noun.
— A
cup (< any cup)
— The
cup (< a specific cup)
Demonstrative
Adjectives
— If
I hear that parrot again, I will call the RSPCA.
('That'
is a demonstrative adjective. It refers to a specific parrot.)
— Medals
will only be given to those runners who complete the marathon in less than 8
hours.
('Those'
is a demonstrative adjective. It refers to specific people.)
Indefinite
Adjectives
— The
chief has heard many people make the same promise.
— (The
indefinite adjective 'many' modifies the noun 'people'.)
— According
to a council spokesman, there are no wallabies left in Derbyshire.
— However,
over the past few months, many walkers have reported seeing several adults with
young.
— (The
indefinite adjectives in this example are no, few, many and several.)
Numbers
— Numbers
are classified as adjectives too.
— Four
dolphins stayed with the boat until dawn. The adjective 'four'
modifies the noun 'dolphins'.
— All
we could muster was 9 cans of beans. The adjective '9' modifies the noun
'cans'.
Compound
Adjectives:
A compound adjective is an adjective that comprises more than one word.
Usually, hyphens are used to link the words together to show that it is one
adjective.
Often
adjectives are formed from proper nouns (i.e., the names of things), which
should be written using capital letters. In these circumstances, there is no
need to group the words together using hyphens.
Examples:
— Please
request a four-foot table.
— ('Four-foot'
is an adjective describing the table. A hyphen is used to link 'four' and
'foot' to show that it is one adjective.)
— It
is a 6-page document.
— Claire
worked as a part-time keeper at the safari park.
— That
is an all-too-common mistake.
Compound
Adjectives from Proper Nouns
Examples:
— Did
you manage to get the Billy Elliot tickets?
— (The
words 'Billy Elliot' are one adjective describing the tickets. As the capital
letters group the words, there is no need to use a hyphen.)
— 'Waking the Dead' (This is correct. It's a
compound adjective using title case.)
Compound Adjectives with Quotation
Marks and Italics
Examples:
— Amber
looked at the stick in the water, looked me in the eye and then turned
away,
giving me a "get it yourself"
look. (quotation
marks used to group the adjective).
Ambiguous Adverbs/Adjectives
However,
with words like well and fast (which are both adjectives and adverbs), a hyphen
can be used to avoid ambiguity.
Example:
— Jacob
took the well-fatted calf to the riverside. ('well-fatted calf' as in a very
plump calf)
— Jacob
took the well fatted calf to the riverside. ('well fatted calf'
could be construed as a 'well' (i.e., healthy) and 'fatted' calf. In the first
example, the 'well-fatted calf' could be ill.)
Learning Activities
Easy test
Select
the correct answer:
Q1:
The pear-shaped tower is typical of his design. Which word is an adjective?
a. of b. design c.
pear-shaped
Q2: The old man in the shop punched a customer.
Which word is an adjective?
a. man b. shop c.
old
Q3: Pick an even number between one and ten.
Which word is an adjective?
a. pick b. number c.
even
Hard test (click on the hyperlink
named as test)
Discussion Board Activity: Find
or write a paragraph that includes at least five adjectives. You may find a
passage over the internet or you create your own. Discuss with your classmates
what kind of adjective they're.
Online Assignment:
Create 10 sentences that include
different kind of adjectives. Underline the adjective words and write down as
what kind of adjective.
Resources and useful links
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